8-1-linear-momentum-force-and-impulse_summary

This section is about Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse in physics. It aims to help students understand the concepts of momentum, impulse, and the impulse-momentum theorem, as well as applying Newton's second law of motion in terms of momentum. Key points: - Momentum is the product of an object's mass and velocity (momentum = m * v). - Momentum is a vector and has the same direction as velocity. - Impulse is the change in momentum divided by the time over which it changes (impulse = Δp / Δt). - The effect of a force on an object depends on how long it acts, as well as the strength of the force. Students should be able to describe momentum, what can change momentum, impulse, and the impulse-momentum theorem. They should also be able to describe Newton’s second law in terms of momentum and solve problems using the impulse-momentum theorem. Examples given in the text include catching a ball, hitting water with a hand, and comparing the momentum of a football player and a football. Engineering applications discussed are safety features in cars, such as airbags and seat belts, making use of the concept of impulse. A practice problem is given to calculate the momentum of a bowling ball and another problem to find the impulse acting on a baseball during a hit. There are also Check Your Understanding questions at the end of the section.